The world is a continuous process of change and evolution. As a result, various concepts and products are born and the process of existing concepts and products is stopped. The society has become curious about how the future world will be through the technologies of artificial intelligence, robotics, and intelligence automation, which are becoming more popular nowadays. At the end of three industrial revolutions, the change caused by digital technologies can be called the fourth industrial revolution. Accordingly, the people have a chicken about the fourth industrial revolution. The main reason for that is the ability to use technology as an alternative to human resources for many industries and jobs that provide services using human capabilities due to the technology emerging through this industrial revolution. But it appears that there has not been a formal discourse on artificial intelligence, even if it is only motivated to enjoy experiences mixed with curiosity.
What is artificial intelligence?
Artificial intelligence is not a new concept to the world. Computer scientists have had an idea about artificial intelligence since the early days when computers were introduced to the world. John McCarthy, the father of artificial intelligence, defined artificial intelligence as “the science and engineering process of creating intelligent machines” in 1950. It was followed by scientist Alan Turing in 1950
Turing Test was introduced in the year 1988, which measures the intelligence of a computer program. However, at present this artificial intelligence is used for analytics, management, planning and certain purposes. Also, it can be seen that this artificial intelligence is used not only in areas such as healthcare, financial management, marketing and advertising but also in the manufacturing sector. However, artificial intelligence has now invaded many fields and has become a method to facilitate the work and duties performed by human labor.
Artificial Intelligence and the Labor Market Future?
Accordingly, with the advent of this artificial intelligence, it must be examined how it affects the human being due to the presence in the labor market and the reduced demand for human labor. The underlying discourse here is to overestimate the likelihood of existing job losses through emerging technologies. The impact of automation of a certain field on the worker is based on factors such as cost efficiency of technical capabilities, availability of infrastructure. For example, the youth community in Sri Lanka has greatly reduced their focus on agriculture due to the use of technical methods related to agriculture.
It would be possible to have high commercial value and earn more with less human labour. As a result, the likelihood of an impact on the rural agrarian community is high. But there is also a possibility of problems arising due to shortage of labor in agricultural sectors where automation is not possible. For example, in the tea industry, human labor plays a vital role in plucking tea leaves.
When focusing on the construction sector, there is a possibility of using automation for construction, and it can be seen that due to factors such as spending a lot of money for the investment, the use of automatic methods has slowed down.
When looking at the transportation sector, it can be concluded that automation will happen very quickly, but in proportion to the loss of jobs through it.
It will be possible to create new jobs for the coming period for the development of cargo transportation and storage facilities which should be compared to the demand. But looking at the future, it is clear that the number of jobs created in these fields will be very minimal.
Job opportunities related to fields such as computing and data management will expand, however efficient artificial intelligence may be to perform related tasks without the essential element of consciousness. Therefore, human contribution is an essential factor in driving the relevant artificial intelligence and for that a new job market will be created in computing and data manipulation.
Reasons for this diminishing impact of AI on public sector jobs include;
The expansion of Sri Lanka’s public sector,
Presumably, targeted measures will not be followed;
bureaucracy,
Although there is a need for formal educational and systematic training, it is unlikely that it will be applied for,
Popular beliefs about and lack of confidence in technology.
etc., it will not be an easy task to introduce the automatic system for the public service. Because the need for formal educational and systematic training is important to implement the concept of e-governance strategies and it will determine the success.
Status of employment
With automation, the nature and existence of jobs will undergo a complete change. Rulers and people should be prepared for that. In particular, with artificial intelligence replacing jobs, workers will lose benefits and security. What can be suggested for this is to prepare the youth community for the relevant changes from now on. The youth community should be motivated for skill based jobs. Apart from the previous full-time employment system, turning to part-time and contract-based jobs, directing the youth community to internet-based jobs, efforts should be made to reduce the problems of skill gap and Bisha use. The government should launch development strategies that spread uniformly to all areas in such a way that there is no regional disparity.
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